CORRUPTION in Nepal is not a series of disjointed, individual acts. Instead, a range of stakeholders spanning public, private, and criminal spheres operate as one to steal money from the people and ensure impunity thrives. This kleptocratic network is made up of shifting alliances, which span multiple communities that are inter-connected by several powerful businesspersons acting as brokers. The network is vertically integrated. Money flows upwards through the hierarchy while impunity and benefits flow downward. Its strong horizontal linkages across sectors of society enables the network to capture important revenue streams, facilitate the flow of illicit funds through the state apparatus and across borders, and ensure network members are protected.
